Accounting machine



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R.fr'. BLAKELY ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed March 4, 1942 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented Mar. l2, 1946 AccoUN'rTNG MAcmNE Robert T. Blakely, Amityville, N. Y., assigner to A International Business Machines Corporation, 4New York, N. Y., a corporation ofNew York Application March 4, 1942, Serial No. 433,284

11 Claims. (CL 23S-61.6)

1934, and over U. S. patent to Bryce, No.v

2,282,028, granted May 5, 1942.

The principal object of the present invention resides in the provision of an electric transfer mechanism of a novel form for a multiple entry accumulating device.

Another object of the present invention is in a unique means to enter a plurality ci' values simultaneously in a single accumulator.

A still further object is to provide a relay accumulating device of an improved form.

A still further object is to provide an accumulating mechanism operating on a greater number of impulses in a cycle than the greatest possible digit value in a record column.

An object of this invention is to provide a carry mechanism capable of retaining a plurality of carry indications to effect a ,plurality of carry operations later.

A further object is to provide an accumulating mechanism capable of receiving and accumulating the sum of the impulses represented by a plurality of amounts in a record cycle.

More speciiically, the invention contemplates the provision of 'an accounting machine with accumulating means comprising pairs of relay coils for each digit value in an order. Entries for all orders are eilected by routing to each order a series of impulses representative of the entry for that order. These impulses may originate from a plurality of sources. According to the invention plural impulses occurring simultaneously are converted into successively occurring impulses to effect entry and accumulation of the impulses in the accumulator.

The accumulator may be based on any notation or system and .for simplicity oi illustration the usual tens notation has been employed. Thus, ten pairs of relay coils for each order are provided. It is customary in ,record controlled machines based on a tens notation to have each card feeding cycle utilized for a single value entry into the accumulator order. 'Ihis may be under control of a single impulse occurring at a diierential time, or a series of impulses representing a single value. In the present invention, however, two or more primary impulses occur-ring at the same or diierent differential times are converted into a series ol secondary impulses 55 nism of the machine and the general, machine vdisclose,.by Way of example, the principle of the number of which is the sum of the numbers represented by the primary impulses. Since a greater number of secondary impulses may be directed to'an accumulator order during a card feeding cycle,`than the number represented by the primary impulse and since the accumulator notation is based on the maximum number which may be represented by a primary impulse a novelv form of carry mechanism is provided which stores an indication of the number of carrying operations which must be effected from one order to-the next following an entry from the record. More specifically stated, if an accumulator order has a value of eight therein, and a primary impulse occurs from one source at nine in a cycle, and from another source at six in the cycle, the total number of secondary impulses that occur will be six plus nine or fifteen which added to the value of eight in the accumulator order gives a value of twenty-three. The three is stored in a setup of the relay pairs and the two is stored in a setup carry mechanism and at the proper time causes two additional impulses to be directed to the next higher order. The accumulator performs subtraction by the entry of a number of impulses complementary to the value of the digit to be subtracted. A simple readout means is provided and operates under the control of the lastoperated relay to complete circuits to print mag nets on total taking cycles.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, .i

invention and the best mode, which has been con templated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a sectional view of the card and analyzing mechanism oi an accounting' ma chine showing the essential operating parir' Figs, 2, 2c, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e 2i teiten t and arranged vertically in the aboye ce prise a representative circuit diagram nl, chine.

Fig. Zi shows an electrical timing chart ci? machine.

Fig. 4 is a view showing a type of record which maw may be used in. the machine.

For purposes of illustration, the accusa forming the subject matter of the in tion will be described as applied to an acs ing machine of the type shown in identified patent to Lake et al. A 'brief de tion of the' card feeding and analyzing m operating circuits will now be set forth followed by a detailed description of the accumulator. If more detailed explanation of the Various parts of the machine other than the accumulator is desired, reference should be made to the aforementioned Lake patent.

Card feeding and analyzing mechanism The record cards RC (Figs. 1 and 4) are placed in a card handling section generally designated I from which they are fed downwardly, one by one, by a picker II, so that the leading edge ls moved into cooperation with a pair of feed rollers I2. after which the card is fed past successive pairs of feed rolls I3, I4, and I to a stacker (not shown).

Between pairs of feed rollers I2 and I3 are located the upper analyzing brushes UB, and between rollers I4 and I5 are located lower analyzing brushes LB. These sets .of brushes cooperate with contact rolls I6 and I1 respectively. At each of the brush stations is a pivoted card lever, the one at the upper brush station cooperating with a pair of contacts I8 and the one at the lower brush station cooperating with a pair of contacts I9. The levers serve to close their respective contacts while the record card is passing the brushes and permit the contacts to open during the interval between cards.

On the first feed cycle of the machine, the leading card will be moved downwardly to a position where the leading edge of the card will have slightly passed the upper brushes UB, insulating them from the contact roll I6. During the second cycle, the card will be advanced by the feed rollers past the upper brushes to an exactly similar position with respect to the lower brushes LB, insulating'them from the contact roll I'I. Meanwhile, during this second cycle,

I a second card will have been advanced to the upper brushes so that there is now a card under the upper brushes and lower brushes. At this time both card levers are operated, and their associated contacts I8 and I9 closed. During the third cycle, the cards will pass the lower and upper brushes respectively and corresponding index point positions will be analyzed concurrently by the two sets of brushes. At the end of the third cycle, the first card will have been passed down beyond the lower brushes, the second card will have advanced into a position where its leading edge insulates the lower brushes from their contact roll I1, and a third card will have been fed into a similar position with respect to the upper brushes.

Value designations on the record cards are analyzed by the lower brushes LB which cause corresponding entries to be made into accumulators for the purpose of ascertaining totals. The upper brushes UB function in conjunction with the lower brushes LB under group control operation, which will be explained later, to allow the cards to continue to feed as long as control designations representing a group are the same on successive cards. At the end of a cycle during which the control designations analyzed by the upper and lower brushes differ, the feeding mechanism is automatically stopped. Totals for the group maythen be taken from the accumulators in which entries were made.

Further explanation of the functions of the card feed and analyzing mechanism, except as set forth later in connection with a description of the circuits of the machine, is deemed unnecessary. If a more detailed description is desired, it may be obtained by referring to the aforementioned U. S. Patent No. 1,976,617.

Record card A record card of the type shown in Fig. 4 is included herein as a part of the preferred mode of illustrating the principles of the invention. Such a card is customarily divided into a plurality of vertical columns. A column is further divided vertically into 12 spaces each allotted to a digit value or signal representation. The lowermost portion of a column is related to the digit 9. The next higher portion of the digit 8, etc., up to the tenth position from the bottom which pertains to zero. The eleventh and twelfth positions are respectively designated X and RX' and are used for certain control purposes. To represent a particular digit in any column, a punched hole is made in the vertical space allotted to that digit. Further several columns are usually grouped together to form a record eld.

In Fig. 4, the card contains three elds A, B, and C which are punched as shown. Thus, eld A has a punch in the lowermost portion of its left hand or hundreds order column to represent the digit 9. The middle or tens order column has a punch in the fourth position and the right hand or units order a punch in the three position. Thus, eld A carries the number 943. Similarly, elds B and C are punched for a different number representation.

When certain cards or fields have amounts to be added and others have amounts to be subtracted, the upper brushes are employed in distinguishing one type from the other by so-called X selection method. In this method, provision may be made so that subtract cards or elds, for example, carry an X designation and the add cards or fields do not. The X designation may be placed in any column of the card, and .is located in the eleventh or X position. Thus, in Fig. 4 the column A is provided with an X designation. This indicates the A amount is to be subtracted. Upon sensing of the X designation by the upper brush, circuits will be established so that during the next cycle as the amount in the A eld is being analyzed by the lower brushes it will be entered subtractively to the accumulator. The B and C amounts which have no X perforation in columns B' and C are additively entered into the accumulator by the normal entry circuit. Thus, the algebraic sum of a plurality of amounts may be accumulated by entering the plurality of amounts concurrently and using the X perforation `to indicate whether the entry is to be additive or subtractive.

General machine circuits current whose potential is different than that for which the various electrical devices of lthe machine are adapted. Specincally, if the source of current is 220 volts D. C., the dynamotor, when wired as shown, will impress volts D. C. on

the lines 34, 35. If the supply of current is 110 volts, then, of course, the dynamotor may be dispensed with and direct connection made between lines 30 and 34 and lines 3| and 35 as indicated by dotted lines. When current is initially supplied to the dynamotor, the current through the input armature thereof will pass through a resistance 36 in parallel with which are wired contacts 31a of a relay magnet 31. Magnet 31 is directly connected across the output lines 34 and 35 of the dynamotor and its contacts close as soon as the voltage delivered is sufficient to operate the relay. Contacts 31a close to shunt out the resistance 36 and permit the full input current to be applied to the input armature of the dynamotor.

In tabulating machines of this class, it is customary to first send the machine through a preliminary cycle of operation usually termed a reset cycle to set up the automatic control mechanism and other controlling circuits. .Suiiice it to say at the present time, however, that during this cycle, motor control relay magnet 38 (Fig. 2) is energized and a holding circuit provided for maintaining it energized until a change occurs. Contacts 38a of this relay will, therefore, be closed and the contacts 38h opened.

The machine is now ready to start card feeding operations after cards have been placed in the feed magazine l (Fig. 1). Depression of the start key ST (Fig. 2) to close contacts ST will complete a circuit as follows: from line 34, closed cam contacts PI, tabulating clutch magnet 29, contacts 29a, start relay 39, start key contacts ST, stop key contacts SP, closed relay contacts 38a. to line 35. Energization of magnet 29 causes opening of the contacts 29a and the circuit will now include relay magnet 40, which is wired in parallel with the contacts 29a.

Magnet 40 will close its contacts 43a to cornplete a circuit through the tabulating motor TM as follows: from line 3D, motor TM, contacts 40a, to line 3|, thus initiating the operation of the motor. Motor TM is of the two-speed type having a resistance 4l connected in series with its field winding. Shunted across resistance 4l are the contacts 28 which may be arbitrarily closed to shunt out the resistance 4I and cause the motor TM to operate at a slow speed. A further pair of contacts 42h are connected in parallel with resistance 4I and contacts 28 and are controlled by a relay magnet 42. -The object of the contacts 42h is to shunt out the resistance 4i at the start to insure starting of the motor at its slow speed. After the machine has operated through a portion of a cycle, cam contacts Li (see also Fig. 3) close momentarily and complete a circuit from line 3D (Fig. 2) wire 43, relay magnet 42, contacts Li, wire 44, contacts 40a, to line 3l. The consequent closure 0f contacts 42a will set up a holding circuit for the magnet 42 traceable from line 3G, wire 43, magnet 42, contacts 42a, wire 44, contacts 40a, to line 3l. Energization of magnet 42 will, of course, open contacts 42h, permitting the inclusion of resistance 4l in the field circuit of motor TM, if the machine is set for tabulating operations.

Inspection of the timing diagram (Fig. 3) will show that the time of closure of contacts L! occurs after the machine has turned through substantially a third of a cycle so that it will be apparent that operation of the machine for this portion of the cycle will be at the slow speed, regardless of whether contacts 28 have beens'et open or closed. During the first cycle, the record line 34.

card C is advanced from the supply magazine to a position where its leading edge is in contact with the upper brushes UB (see Fig. l), as previously explained.

Energization of the start relay magnet 39 will elTect closure of its contacts 39a to set up a holding circuit for the clutch magnet 2S traceable from line 34, cam contacts PI, magnet 29, relay 40, magnet 39, contacts 39a, wire 45, cam contacts L2 to line 35. Toward the end of this cycle cam contacts L2 break, as indicated in the timing diagram (Fig. 3), and the machine will coast through the remainder of the cycle to home position, which will hereinafter be termed the D position, as it is commonly known in the art.

A second machine cycle is now again initiated by depression of the start key to close contacts ST and a second cycle will follow in the same manner as the rst. During this second cycle, the first card is advanced to the lower brushes and a second card is fed from the supply magazine. Following this second cycle, the machine may do one of two things. If the automatic resetting switch 46 is open, the machine will stop as before and if the switch is closed, the machine will automatically enter upon a resetting cycle of operations. If the machine stops, the same resetting cycle is initiated by depression of the reset key to close contacts R. It will be pointed out in connection with the group control cir-- cuits that the motor control relay 38 is deenergized during the second tabulating cycle just mentioned, so that contacts 38a open and 38h close during the latter part of the cycle.

If switch -4o` is closed, the closure of cam contacts L3 toward the end of the second cycle will complete a circuit traceable as follows: from line 35, contacts 382), switch 46, now closed, cam contacts L3, relay magnet 48, cam contacts P3, to Closure of contacts 48a will set up a holding circuit for magnet 48 traceable from line 34, contacts P3, magnet 48, contacts 48a, to line 35. At the very end of the cycle, contacts L4 close, permitting the completion of a circuit from line 35, contacts 48a, contacts L4, reset clutch magnet 41, contacts 84C, contacts P3 to line 34. The contacts 84C are controlled by a multi-contact relay magnet 84. (Fig. 2a) which is energized through a circuit extending from line 34, wires 26 and 21, magnet 84, relay contacts 38C, contacts 43h, cam contacts P9, wire 25 (see also Fig. 2), card lever contacts i9, now closed, to line 3a. The contacts 38C are controlled by the motor control magnet 33 and are opened when magnet 38 is deenergized due to a change in the group control number, in a manner to be explained. Contacts 48h are opened by the magnet 43 when the latter is energized to initiate a resetting cycle of operations. t is thus apparent that if either of the contacts 38e and 48h are open, magnet 8d is deenergized to permit closing of contacts Eile in the reset clutch magnet circuit. It is thus apparent that during card feeding cycles, contacts 84o are held open and prevent completion of the reset clutch magnet circuit. Magnet 41 will trip the reset clutch mechanism and will cause the closure of the contacts 43a.

This will permit completion oi the circuit through the reset motor RM which is traceable tacts P3 open and the holding circuit of magnet 48 is broken when'contacts 61a open. Cam cony tacts P4 open at the very end of the cycle to break the circuit through the motor RM.

If the machine had stopped after the second tabulating cycle, due to the open position of switch 46, the resetting cycle is initiated by depression of the reset key to close contacts R, which completes a circuit from line 35, contacts L2, wire 45, contacts 39h, contacts R, relay 48, contacts P3, to line 34. Energization of magnet 48 controls the completion of the above traced circuits through reset clutch magnet 41 and the subsequent completion of the circuit through the reset motor RM.

It has thus far been explained that the initiation of operations of the machine require a first resetting operation, followed by two successively manually initiated tabulating cycles, followed by a resetting cycle which is either manually or automatically initiated. At this point, the rst card is in readiness to pass and be analyzed by the lower brushes LB and the second card is in readiness to pass and be analyzed by the upper brushes UB and the automatic control mechanism is in readiness to compare the control designation of the cards as they pass through the machine. Following the reset cycle just explained, the machine will stop, if the automatic start switch 53 is open, and further operations of the machine will be initiated by depression of the start key to close contacts ST. If switch 53 had been previously closed, however, the machine will automatically enter upon card feeding and analyzing operations immediately upon 'completion of the last resetting cycle. This is brought about in the following manner: When the first card arrives at the lower brushes, closure of lower card lever contacts I9 completes a circuit from line 35 (Fig. 2), contacts I9, wire 25 (see also Fig. 2a), a number of relay magnets LCL, wire 51, to line 34. A number of magnets LCL are provided to distribute the multiplicity of contacts to be controlled. Closure of relay contacts LCLb will complete a holding circuit for relays LCL through cam contacts LB. This circuit is from line 35, contacts L6, contacts LCLb, magnets LCL and wires 51, 21 and 26 to line 34. As long as record cards continue to pass the lower brushes, magnets LCL will remain continuously energized since contacts LB are timed to be closed during the interval that the card lever contacts I9 open (see the timing chart, Fig. 3). The upper card lever contacts I8 (Fig. 2a) similarly complete a circuit from line 35, contacts I8, magnets UCL, wire 51a, to line 34. The closure of contacts UCLb sets up a holding circuit through cam contacts L5, whose function and timing is the same as that of contacts L6.

Relay contacts LCLa will accordingly have been closed and during the reset cycle previously traced, cam contacts P2 closed momentarily at the end of the cycle, thereby establishing a circuit from line 35, contacts 38a, now closed, contacts SP, LCLa and P2, switch 53, start relay magnet 39, contacts 29a, tabulating clutch magnet 29, contacts PI, to line 34. The energization of magnet 29 will, as explained above, cause the.

machine to enter upon a tabulating cycle of operations, during which the record cards are successively analyzed and the amounts thereon entered into the accumulators.

The automatic control circuits which keep the machine in operation as long as control designations on successively analyzed cards are the same will now be explained.

A number of double-wound relay magnets are provided (Fig. 2), each having a. pick-up winding 59 and a holding winding 60. Windings 59 terminate in the jacks 62 and 63 through which the windings may be plug connected in series with the brushes UB and LB. Since the index point positions on the card passing the lower brushes are analyzed concurrently with the analysis of the corresponding index point positions of the following card passing the upper brushes, a perforation occurring in any index point position of both cards will complete a circuit at a time in the cycle of the machine corresponding to the location of the perforation.l

The control pickup circuit is traceable as follows: from line 34 (Fig. 2), wires 64 and 65, cam contacts LI I, upper brush contact roller I6, designation on the card at the upper brushes, upper brush UB, plug socket 2l, plug wire connection to jack 63, winding 59, jack 62, plug wire connection to jack 20, brush LB, designations in the card at the lower brushes, lower brush contact roller I1, circuit breaking contacts 6I, lower card lever contacts I9 to line 35.

Energization of winding 59 will close its contacts 59a and 59h, the former setting up a holding circuit for the windings which is traceable as follows: from line 34, wires 64 and 65, cam contacts LI2, contacts 59a, winding 60, to line 35. Contacts LI2 hold the windings 60 energized until nearly the end of the cycle. It is thus apparent that the windings 59 are energized at a difierential time in accordance with the value of the controlling perforation and that the windings 60 hold all the selected circuits to keep contacts 59h closed in positions in which agreement occurred between the cards.

In the machine there are generally provided sixteen sets of windings 59, 60. On the circuit diagram, however, only three are shown, to avoid undue repetition of similar parts. After all the index point positions have been analyzed, the machine tests the setting of the contacts 59D. If there was agreement in all the control columns, the contacts 59h corresponding to those columns will be closed and a series circuit will be traceable through each such contact. The contacts associated with the controlling field of the record card will be grouped together and a plug wire connection made between the jack 22 of the last position into jack 23. This places the contacts 59h (Fig. 2) in the holding circuit of magnet 38 when contacts L9, Li@ open. The ultimate object of the group control mechanism is to keep the motor control relay magnet 38 energized, if there is agreement in the control field and to cause deenergization of magnet 38, if there is a break or disagreement in the control eld.

Magnet 38 is normally held energized through a circuit set up during the initial resetting cycle of the machine. During this cycle, cam contacts P1, P8 close at substantially the same time one being set for an accurate make and the other for an accurate break of the circuit. The circuit will be completed from the line 34, wire 64, contacts P1, contacts Pil, control relay magnet 66, magnet 6l', motor control relay magnet 38, cam contacts L9 and Lil, wire G8, to right side of line 35. Control relay 96 closes its contacts 65a to establish a holding circuit from line 34, wire 64, contacts 6ta, magnet 66 to line 35 as before. This circuit is the control holding circuit and remains energized as long as there is no group change.

While cards of a group are feeding, the contacts 5919 provide a shunt circuit 'around contacts Lit.

For example. the contacts 59h, when they are closed and when plug connection between jacks 22 and 23 is made, as shown dotted, short circuit contacts LIU, the short circuit running from the lower blade of contacts LIU to the lowermost contacts 59h, then to the uppermost pair, plug sure of cam contacts P1 and P8 will again establish the holding circuit and comparison of the successively fed record cards of the next group will take place and card feeding will proceed until there is again a break in either of the circuits.

It may here be mentioned that with the automatic reset switch 4S closed, the machine will perform a single cycle of total taking operations and the group control holding circuit will be concurrently reestablished during this single cycle.

A switch 'IU is provided, which, when closed, permanently short circuits contact LIU. If this switch is closed, the control mechanism is inoperative and the holding circuit remains established indefinitely. Various contact devices are included in this control mechanism to delay its functioni ing until cards have been advanced into the machine in readiness for actual comparison with one another. These devices may be best explained by examining the several starting cycles of the machine.

The very rst cycle, which is the manually initiated reset cycle, operates contacts Pl and P8 to initially establish the control holding circuit and energize motor control relay 38 so that the starting circuit can be completed. At this time, the lower card lever relay magnets LCL are deenergized as are also the upper card lever relay magnets UCL and their respective contacts LCLg and UCLf short circuit contacts LIU so that during the rst card feeding cycle, the opening of contacts LIU is ineffective to break the holding circuit. At the end of this cycle, however, the upper card lever contacts I8 close, causing energization of upper card lever relay magnets UCL and opening of contacts UCLf. As explained above, the machine comes to rest after this first card feeding cycle with the first card about to pass the upper brushes. A second manually initiated cycle then takes place.

During the second card cycle, none of the contacts 5927 can be closed since the lower brushes LB, which receive current through the lower card lever contacts I9 do not receive current. Opening of contacts LIU therefore finds no holding circuit for the control relay magnet and the same is therefore interrupted. At this time, the leading card will be at the lower brushes after having closed card lever contacts I9v to supply current to the lower brushes and to cause energization of lower card lever relay magnets LCL, opening the contacts LCLg. The following total taking and resetting cycle will again set up the holding circuits and the machine will proceed with its tabulating operations under the joint control of the Icontacts LI D and contacts 59h.

Vduring adding operations.

When the last card in the machine has passed the upper brushes and is passing the lower, and the upper brushes are making contact on the bare contact roller I6, inspection of the circuit diagram (Fig. 2) will show that circuits will be completed to all the active relays in the same manner as though another card of the same group were passing the upper brushes. This, of course, would indicate an agreement and the group control would not break until the lower card lever contacts opened. Therefore, it is necessary at this time to break the control holding circuit even though the' shunt circuit through contacts 59h is closed. This is brought about under control of the Vupper card lever contacts which open, since no card is at the upper brushes, bringing about the deenergization of the upper card lever relay magnets UCL and permitting opening of contacts UCLe. No shunt circuit can now be established through the contacts 59h so that when the contacts of LIU open the holding circuit will be broken, and the machine will enter upon total taking operations.

Accumulatig mechanism-General The accumulating mechanism is composed entirely of relay coils, associated contacts and certain circuit controlling devices. For each denominational order of the accumulator exclusive of carry mechanism, twenty-one relays are provided, two for each digit except the zero digit position which requires three relays for reasons described later. The relays are connected by electrical circuits so as to form a series of sets of relays. Each set comprises a value-corresponding relay paired with a controlling relay and represents an ordinal value or digit position.

In the circuit diagram of the machine (Figs. 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e and 2f) four denominational orders of the accumulator are shown for purposes of illustration. These orders are designated as the units, tens, hundreds, and thousands orders. The relay arrangement in each of the orders 1s similar, so that the structure of the units order as set forth in Fig. 2e is representative of the structure in the others.

In order to condition` the accumulator for adding, certain circuits are completed as the first card passes the lower brushes. Certain of relay coils 11A, 11B, or IIC (see Fig. 2) will be energized under control from the record card in a manner which will be described shortly. Energization of the last mentioned relay coils will close contacts such as TlAb, 'I'IBb or I'iCb (see Fig. 2e). Closure of these contacts will complete circuits which provide a plurality of successive circuit or impulse connections representative of the amounts to be added. These connections are to line II from line 34. The method of completing these circuits and the manner in which the number of successive connections made relates back to the amounts to be added, will be set forth shortly. To understand the principles of the accumulator, it is only necessary to know that a number of successive connections are made between line 34 and line TI It may be further mentioned that these successive connections are made during the differential index points of a cycle and that for each amount being added one connection will be made per index point, the number of these connections corresponding to the magnitude of the amount in the column. Thus, for two entries made simultaneously there will be two connections made for each index point until the number of connections made is equal to the sum of the two numbers. If for example, the digit 'l is entered simultaneously from two ields of a record, described later, then fourteen separate connections will be made during the next seven index points.

Impulse circuits Previous to starting the machine certain plug connections for effecting entry are made. Assuming three amounts A, B, and C .are beiner derived from three fields of a record, a plug connection will be made from plug socket 2C (Fig. 2)

which connects to the brush LB analyzing the units column of the A amount to units plug socket ld (Fig. 2a) which connects to relay coil HA for the units order. A plug connection will be made from socket 20 connected to the brush LB analyzing the units column of the B amount to units plug socket l which is connected to relay coil WB. A further plug connection will be made from socket 2li corresponding to the units column of the C amount to units plug socket l5@ connected to relay coil lllIC. Similar' con.- nections are made from the plug sockets 2li to sockets ld, B and C of the tens and hundreds orders. Assume a card bearing amounts A=25,.

3:73, and 6:93, passes by the lower brushes. .llt

the ninth index point a circuit will be completed from line 35, through card lever contacts i9, circuits breakers lll, contact roll il, nine hole in the C field or the card, bx'ush LB analyzing the nine perforation in the tens column or the C amount, plug socket 2u, plug connection to socket 'lt'lC in the tens order, relay coil 'HC of that order and baclr to line 3d. .at the eighth index point a similar circuit is completed to energize relay coil llC of the units order. Energization of coils THC (units) and lll@ (tens), close their contacts llCu to maintain a holding circuit through cam contacts L33, see Fig. 2a, until the zero index point of the cycle. ln a like manner, relay coil 'lill in the tens and 'HA in the units orders will be energized at index points, two and five respectively, and relay coil lIlB in the tens and 'HB in the units orders will be energized at index points seven and three respectively. The manner in which these differential energizations of coils l'lA, "HB, and 'VIC for the various orders cause successive impulse circuits to be completed in the various accumulator orders will now be explained. Considering the units order rst, energization of relay coil llC :for the units order at the eight index point closes contacts l'lCb (Fig. 2e). This permits a circuit to be completed from line ll, relay contacts 'lllCla relay contacts S'lCb in the position shown, line 712C, cam contacts SiC to line iti every time cam contacts SIC close. These will close eight times before relay contacts llCb open upon deenergizaton of relay coil llC for the units order. lt will be described later, how each time this circuit is completed an entry of one is eected into the units orders. For the l5 amount the relay contacts l'lBb of the units order will close at three in the cycle. This will permit a circuit to be completed from line 1I, relay contacts l'lBb, contacts elBb in the position shown, line i123, circuit breaker @IB to line 3d. These will close three times before relayy contacts llBo open. Similarly for the A amount contacts llib close at five and permit the circuit between lines il and it to be made live times before relay contacts 'HAD open for the units order. By referring to the timing diagram Fig. 3, it may be seen that the closure time of circuit breaker contacts BIA, SIB, and SIC is offset so that the circuit paths completed by these contacts described above, occur at dilerent times and thus the number of times the circuit is made is the sum of all entries made in that particular column. Thus, in the units column as just described live closures for A, three for B, and eight for C represent a total of 16 closures which, as will be later described, enters 16 into the accumulator through the units column and its transfer mechanism. Similarly for the tens column closure of relay contacts "HAD, llBb, and llCb, in the tens order will permit eighteen separate circuit connections to be made between line 34 and line 'II in the tens order, Fig. 2d. Eighteen connections represent the sum of 2, 7, and 9 in the tens column of elds A, B, and C respectively, on the record card. To summarize it has been shown how the concurrent entry of a plurality of fields on the record card completes a number entry circuit into each order of the accumulator a number of times equal to the sum of all the values derived from the record for that particular order. These circuits may also be termed impulse circuits.

Accumulation First considering entry into the units order oi the accumulator (Fig. 2e) an entry from the record card will cause the rst circuit connection to be made from line side 34 to line 1I. The circuit then continues through contacts Rlllg, value relay contacts Rib, entry control relay coil RII, via conductor M14, to line 35, thus energizing the control relay Rl l. Contacts RI Ia will close and thereby establish a circuit to energize value relay Rl from line 3d, through the circuit or impulse connection, to line ll, contacts RI Ia now closed, relay coil Rl, to line ille and back to line 35. Relays Rl l and RII are successively energized by the same impulse. With relay Rl energized, contacts Rlu will close and provide a holding circuit from line 35, via wire lllli, to relay coil RI, contacts Rlc,- now closed, resistance r', via wire IUS, to contacts Rite or Rd, conductor IDB, relay con-- tacts illu 0r cam contacts PIZ to line 34.

Upon the energization of the value relay Rl, the Rid contacts also close. These contacts are of the type known as make before break contacts; that is, contacts Rld will become closed before the normally closed contacts RIZ) open. Thus, when the ld contacts close, relay RII is momentarily maintained energized by the circuit which was described for its initial energization. The circuit is slightly altered now, however, by the fact that a resistance r has been brought into the circuit in series with relay coil RII, and the circuit now passes through contacts RId instead of contacts Rib.

Resistance r is of such a value that it will allow the entry control relay RII to remain energized and keep contacts RI a closed until the circuit connection opens at the end of the impulse, at which time, relay coil Ril is deenergized. Upon the next circuit connection, resistance r limits the ow of current through coil RII to a value below that necessary to re-close contacts RI la. So long as resistance 1* is in series with the now deenergized RI I coil the contacts controlled by this coil will remain in their normal positions.

Another resistance, designated is provided in the holding circuit for relay RI to prevent a potential holding circuit for the RI l relay coil that would otherwise be established upon the closure of contacts RIa. This potential circuit may be traced as follows: line 35, conductor I04, relay coil RII, resistance r, contacts RI d, now closed, contacts RI g, contact RI I a also closed, and then to line 34, through the remainder of the holding circuit for the RI relay as previously described. The resistance r', however, being in series with the circuit just described is of such value that, when combined with resistance r will limit the holding current to relay coil RII and, at the time circuit connection is broken after the first impulse, the relay RII will be deenergized causing its contacts to be restored to normal.

For illustrative purposes, a specific entry into the units order will now be described. Assume, for example, that an entry of is to be made by ve successive circuit connections. The action of the first impulse has already been described. The second impulse to enter the accumulator is next made by a circuit connection from line 34 to line "II, contacts RIIb in the position shown, contacts RIC now closed, contacts R2b in the position shown, relay coil RI2, to line 35. Relay RI 2 is thus energized and closes its contacts RI2a to provide a circuit to energize value relay R2 in a manner similar to that described for the energization of value relay RI. Coil RI2 will become deenergized when the circuit connection to this coil is opened.

It is apparent from the foregoing explanation that each additional impulse entering the accumulator units order causes the energization of the new value relay, that is, the rst impulse caused the energization of relay RI, and the second irripulse, relay R2, etc. Such energization of relay R2 was dependent upon the fact that relay RI remained energized, its RIc contacts being in series with the circuits which energize relay RI2 and then relay R2. In like manner, when a third impulse enters the units order, it passes through contacts Rlc and R2c now closed and results in the energization of a relay R3 in a manner similar t0 that described for the previous value relays in the series. Thus, at the end of a fth impulse, relays RI to R5 would be energized to represent that 5 had been entered into the units order of the accumulator. The operation of the series of relays for the first impulses entered is the same as described above, and thus at the end of the ninth impulse, relays RI to R9 remain energized. These relays are maintained energized by a circuit through the normally closed RIUe or R20d contacts as previously explained. Upon entry of a tenth impulse, however, a somewhat different series of events occur. A circuit to energize entry control relay R20 is provided as follows: line 34, to line II as described above, contacts RI Ib, contacts RI c, contacts RI2b, contacts R20, contacts RI3b, contacts R3c, etc., to and through contacts R90, contacts RIUb, relay coil R20, to line 35. Relay R20, upon being energized, causes contacts R20a to close and a circuit is thereby completed to the zero value relay designated RIU. This circuit is as previously traced through contacts RI I b, RIc, Rl2b, R20, etc., through contacts RQc, contacts R20a, now closed, relay coil RIU, to line 35. Contacts R20d, which are in parallel with the RIUe contacts, are now opened. Contacts RIUa 'and RI 0e are of the make before break type and providing a holding circuit for relay Rltl fromv line 35, through relay coil RIU, contacts RIOa, contacts 230ml, resistance r', contacts RI 8c to line 34. After contacts RIOa have closed, contacts RIDc will open and since contacts R20d are already open as previously described, the holding circuit for the value relays RI through R9 is now broken, and their contacts are returned to their normal position.

Contacts R20d are placed in the circuit to bypass the RIOe contacts for the purpose of reestablishing the holding circuit for relays RI through R9 immediately after it is broken by the opening of the RIOc contacts. The deenergization of relay R20 upon the deenergization of relays RI-RS allows contacts R20d to close and perform their function as described, so that after the next impulse and succeeding impulses, the value relays successively energized by these impulses will have a holding circuit to maintain them energized in a manner already described. Contacts RIOe are held open by the energized RIE) relay for an appreciable time and when the next impulse enters the accumulator to energize the RI relay they would not allow a maintaining circuit for this relay to be established, except for the presence of the R20d contacts which com- Dlete the circuit in time to take care of this condition.

The reenergization of relays RII and RI from the tenth impulse must be prevented. This condition would be likely to occur just after the R20d contacts had reestablished the holding circuit for relays RI to R9, except for the fact that contacts RIOg are provided. As soon as relay RI 0 became energized, contacts RIUg opened and prevented the completion of an entry circuit to energize relays RII and RI. It will be noted a relay Ku is also provided and connected from line 'II to line 35. Each impulse connection of line 34 to the line 'II will cause the Ku relay to be energized by a circuit from line 34 to line 1I through relay Ku and back to line 35. Once relay Ku is deenergized, following the opening of contacts RIUe, and completion of the last impulse connection, the entry circuit for energizing the accumulator relays may be reestablished. This is brought about by the closing of contacts R2Ib in the following manner: with relay Rill energized, when contacts Kul reclose, the relay R2I will be connected in parallel with relay RI 0 and also become energized, At the time relays Ku and R20 were first energized, the relay R2I could not pick up because the contacts KuI are adjusted to open before the contacts R20a close, to allow a`circuit' to be completed to the RIU relay. Relay R2I remains energized until relay RIO becomes deenergized. This condition is obtained by the shunt circuit provided around the Kul contacts by contacts R2Ia.

It would now be well to summarize briefly the sequence of events which occur upon the entry of a tenth impulse into an order of the accumulator. Relays RI to R9 will have been energized prior to the tenth impulse. Upon entry of the tenth impulse, relays Ku and R20 are energized concurrently, but the Kul contacts open before R20a contacts close and relay Ri is energized. The energization of relay RIU drops the relays RI to R9. R20 is deenergized when the tenth impulse ends, and thereby closes the contacts R20d to permitA the reestablishing of the holding circuits for relays RI to RS when subsequent impulses are received. When relay Ku becomes deenergized, relay B2i becomes energized and prepares the accumulator order for the next impulse by closing its R2lb contacts.

The foregoing description has shown how a digit representation of l to 9 may be entered into the accumulator, and also how, after relays RI toRS are energized, the next impulse causes the energization of relay Rill, this relay in turn being maintained energized while the accumulator relays RI to 9 were restored to nonmal in preparation for new entries in the accumulator.

Whereas the entry of a Value into the units order of the accumulator has been described, it rwould be simply repetition to describe the same for the tens, hundreds and higher orders; that is, adding control circuits from line 31% to ll, associated with the tens, hundreds, and higher orders would also be completed during the cycle according to value designations on the record card and effect impulse entries in a manner similar to that already described.

When an entry of it or more impulses occurs during an entry cycle relay Rill will be ener= gizcd at the completion of the tenth impulse. The eleventh impulse will energize relay coil Rl, the twelfth impulse will energize relay coil R2, etc. The holding circuit for relay Riti is held closed until the end of the eighteenth impulse when contacts Rid open. At the beginning of y the eighteenth impulse relay Rit is picked up and contacts Rlc opened and contacts Rita and Rllld closed. Contacts Rica which when closed pick up relay R8, and contacts Rltd are so adjusted that contacts Ritiri close before con tacts RiBa, Hence, contacts R803 remain closed and maintain the holding circuit for relay Rl@ v/hilecontacts Rilc are opened and until con tacts Ried are closed to establish a branch circuit path in the holding circuit for relay Riu. As contacts Rd open with the energizing of relay Rt, the holding circuit for relay Ri is then maintained solely through contacts Rlli'd until the end of the eighteenth impulse when relay Rill is dropped out and contacts Rltd opened thereby to break the holding circuit for relay Rill. and reestablish a circuit which may be utilized to maintain relay Rill energized when it is again picked up. Ii the accumulator receives a total of 2li impulses during an adding cycle relay Ri@ will be energized twice and at the completion of entry, relays Rd and Rill will be energized.

Near the end of the cycle cam contacts L38 f (Fig. 2c) momentarily close to energize relay coil Zilli. Contacts 'Zilau open and deenergize relay coil Rill. Relay Rill may be termed the carry indicating relay and is energized every time during a cycle that the accumulator passes Carry mechanism As is customary in accumulatore of the type disclosed it is necessary to enter 1 into a de nominational order when the next lower order passes from 9 to 0. The means provided for doing this is termed a concurrent carry; that is, entry into one order due to the next lower order having passed from 9 to 0 is concurrent with all other orders. if the order into which the carry entry is made is standing at 9, a passage from 9 to 0 occurs, and a carry entry is concurrently effected into the next Subsequently, contacts Rlic recloseaccuses higher order above. Such a condition would occur where, for example, the amount standing in the accumulatorwas 97 and 3 kwas the amount to be added. Here, obviously, for the correct result of 100 to be obtained, there must be a double carry, one for the units into the tens order and the other from the tens unit into the hundreds order.

in the present invention, however, the number of impulses received by one denominational order during an entry cycle may be greater than the value representing relays in that order, thus a particular order may go from 9 to 0 more than once during an entry cycle. 'When the accumulator order goes from 9 to 0 twice in an entry cycle then a carry of 2" must be made to the next higher order. If the next higher order is standing at 8 or 9, a carry entry must also be concurrently effected to the next higher order above. Such a condition would occur where, for example, the amount standing in the accumulator was "86 and sixteen impulses were entered into the units order. Then the units order would go through OI twice to read 2 and 2 would be carried to the tens order making it go to 0 and l would be carried over to the hundreds order giving a reading of 102, Vlhen the accumulator order goes from 9 t'o 0 three times in an entry cycle then a carry of 3 must be made to the next higher order. If the next higher order stands at 7, 3, or 9 a carry of one must be concurrently effected to the next higher order above. Such a condition would occur where, for example, the amount standing in the accumulator were '79 and twenty-seven impulses were er1- tered into the units order. Then the units order would go through "0 three times to read 6 and 3 would be carried into the tens order making it go to O and l would be carried over to the hundreds order giving a reading of 106.

Before describing the carry circuits in detail a brief outline will be given of their operation. lin general each time an order goes from 9 to 0 a so-called primary carry relay is energized. Thus, if an order passes from 9 to 0 twice, two primary carry relays will be energized. The setup on the primary carry relays is subsequently transferred to the carry relays which directly control entry into the proper accumun later orders during the carry portion or" a cycle. Various carry conditions will now be described in detail.

Carry of one-The circuit arrangement to efeet energization or the primary carry relays will now be explained. As was previously described upon the units order passing from 9 to 0, the relay Rl@ becomes energized. Each energization of relay Riti closes relay contacts Rlc. The :first time in a cycle that relay contacts Rlc close, indicating a carry of one, a

circuit is completed from line 3d, through relay contacts Ride (Fig. 2e) upper side of relay contacts muc, iltllc, 2G20, 22u30, relay coil 2li@ and back to line 35. Relay coil 2t() closes contacts lltlb and completes a circuit from line 3d through contacts 239e, contacts 2Mb, now closed, contacts 2Mb in the position shown, relay coil itl and back: to line 35. Relay 205i remains energized as long as contacts Ride are closed. This is due to the `fact that contacts lla are make before brealr contacts and the lower side closes before the upper side opens thereby maintaining the circuit 'to relay itil. Relay contacts tulo close relay U2 and back to line 35.

and complete a circuit from line 34, through contacts 230e, contacts 20|a, relay coil Ul and back to line 35. Relay contacts Ula then close and provide a holding circuit for relay coil Ul, from line 34 through contacts 230e, contacts Ula, relay coil UI and back to line 35. Contacts 20|b are make before break contacts such that the lower blade of these contacts closes before the upper blade opens thereby providing a holding circuit from line 34, relay contacts 230e, relay contacts 202d in the position shown, relay contacts 20|?) now shifted, relay coil 20| and back to line 35. Relay UI may be termed a primary carry relay.

It may be seen from the foregoing that a carry requirement of one will cause the primary carry relay U| to be energized at the completion of the adding impulses.

Carry of two-When a cariy of two is required the relay contacts R|c will close twice. The first closure will effect energization of relay coil as previously described. Upon the second closure of the R|0c contacts, a circuit will be completed from line 34 through relay contacts Rlllc, relay contacts 200a in the position shown, relay contacts 20|c now shifted, relay contacts 202D to relay coil 202 and back to line 35. Contacts 20217 shift and being of the make before break type relay 202 remains energized and a holding circuit for 202 is established through r contacts 203d and 230e as described before. Relay coil 20|, however, has its holding circuit transferred at this time by the shifting of contacts 2036i, which transfers the holding circuit back to the pickup circuit through R|0c. Thus, when contacts R|0c open the relay coil 20| will be deenergized. Contacts 20211 are make before break contacts. Contacts 202a close to energize relay coil U2 by a circuit from line 34, relay contacts 230e, relay contacts 202a, primary carry Relay coil U2 is maintained energized by relay contacts U2a and relay contacts 230e, which extend back to line 34. Thus, it may be seen from the foregoing that a carry requirement of two will cause the relay U2 to be energized at the completion of the adding impulses.

Carry of three-When a carry of three is required the relay contacts R|0c will close three times. The rst two closures will energize relay coils UI and U2 as described previously. The third closure will energize relay 203 by a circuit similar to that previously traced through the 200a, 20|c contacts in the position shown, the 202e contacts now shifted, through the 203b contacts, relay coil 203, and back to line 35. Con-l tacts 20311 effect energization of primary carry relay U3, which is maintained energized through contacts U3a, in a manner similar to UI and U2. Contacts 20312 shift and hold 203 energized. Contacts 203d shift and 202 deenergizes when Rlc open. Thus, relays UI, U2 and U3 will be energized upon closure of relay contacts R|0c three times to indicate a carry requirement of three during an adding cycle. Various carry conditions will now be discussed for variousconditions of accumulator entry.

Case 1 condition (a) .--If an order passes from 9 to 0 once during a cycle there should be a carry of one to the next higher order. Under this condition, entries will have been made of a number of impulses which cause the particular order to go through zero once. As an illustrative example of this condition, let us consider Where the amount A is 36, B is 23, C is 17. The total of these amounts is as shown below:

66 1 carry The units column entries will direct 16 impulses to the units order which in the manner previously described will successively energize coils RI, R2, etc., up to R|0 which effects deenergization of the previous coils R|, R2, etc., and which will be successively energized again as succeeding impulses occur ending up with coils Rl through R6 energized. Energization of RIO will effect energization of UI. In the tens order, coils RI through R6 will be energized due to the six impulse connections from entry of 3 plus 2 plus "1.

At about l2 in the cycle cam contacts L39 close (see Fig. 3). This completes a circuit to energize relay coil 23| the circuit extending from line 34 (Fig. 2e), through cam contacts L39, relay coil 23| and back to line 35. Referring now to Fig. 2f, with contacts 23|ub closed and contacts U|e closed, a circuit is completed from line 34, ythrough relay contacts 23|a, relay contacts Ule, relay contacts 23 lub, relay coil TA and back to line 35. Relay coil TA which may be termed a carry relay is maintained energized through relay contacts TAa and relay contacts 230i?. which extend back to line side 34. Shortly thereafter, at what may be termed the carry part of a cycle a circuit is completed from line 34, through circuit breaker contacts 9|A (Fig. 2e) line 12A (see also Fig. 2d), contacts TAb and through the tens order of its accumulator thus effecting an entry of l to this order. When cam contacts L38 close slightly later (Fig. 2c) relay coil 230 is energized. Contacts 230k (Fig. 2f) open to deenergize TA. Simultaneously, contacts 230ua (Fig. 2e) open to deenergize RID. Relay contacts R230e open to deenergize relay coil UI. The accumulator is now ready for the entry from the next card.

Case 1 condition (b).-If an order passes from 9 to 0 twice there should be a carry of 2 to the next higher order as an illustrative example, consider an example where the number 14 is standing in the accumulator and entries are as shown below.

14-ln accumulator 29--A 16-B 13-C 2 carry For this example, the units order of the accumulator will pass through zero twice causing Rm to energize twice and effect pickup of Ui and U2.

Relay contacts Ule points effect energization of carry relay TA described above. Relay contacts U20 close and when relay contacts 23|uc and 23|c close, a circuit will be completed to energize carry relay TB as follows: from line 34, relay contacts 23| a, relay contacts U20, relay contacts 23|uC. relay coil TB, and back to line 35.

Relay contacts TAZ) (Fig. 2d) close and direct an entry into the tens order of the accumlator under control of circuit breaker contacts 99A, as previously described. Relay contacts TBZ) (Fig. 2d) upon closing complete another circuit from line 34, (Fig. 2e) through cam contacts 95B, relay contacts TBD (Fig. 2d) now closed, to line it in the tens order of the accumulator (Fig.l 2d).

These two entries increase the amount already standing in the tens order o the accumulator from to "7 givinga final result of 72. Case 1 condition (0).-If an order passes from 9 to 0 three times there should be a carry oi 3 to the next higher order. Consider the example shown below:

l'7-in accumulator ZS--A 3 -carry For the above condition, the units order will go through zero three time-s energizing relay coils Ui, U2, and U3. Relay coils Ul and U2 will energize TA and TB. Relay contacts U3?) close and upon energization of 2st, a circuit is completed from line 36, Fig. 2f, through relay contacts 23m, relay contacts U32), relay contacts 23mm. through relay coil TC, and back to line 35. Closure of contacts 'ICb completes a circuit for entry o one from line 3ft (Fig. 2e) cam contacts QHC, line 'E2C (see also Fig. 2d), relay contacts TCb, to line li. Single entries of one are also made under control of TA and TB. These three entries increase the amount already standing in the tens order from 5 to 8 giving a nal result of ."82.

Case 2.-11" an order stands at 9 and receives a carry of 1, "2, or "3 from the next lower order, the next higher order should receive a carry of l if the order bearing 9 has not passed through 0 during the entry portion oi the cycle Consider the following examples:

In 1 the units order passes through zero once, energizing relays Ul and TA. In 2 the units order passes through zero twice, energizing relays UI, U2, TA and TB. In 3 the units order passes through zero three times, energizing relays UI, U2, U3, TA, TB, and TC. In l at the time TA is energized, a parallel circuit willl be completed through relay contacts 23|1Le, relay contacts RSe, of the tens order now closed, relay contacts Tld, in the position shown, relay coil HA and back to line 35. Relay coil HA closes its contacts HAI) Fig. 2c), to eiect a single entry into the hundreds order during carry operations under control of circuit breaker MA. TA being energized will eilect entry to the tens order of l in the usual way.

En 2 and 3, relay coil HA will be energized in the same manner as l to effect carry of l to the hundreds order.

From an examination o Hg. 2f, it is noted that a conventional dry-plate rectifier RE is connected in the circuit wire connecting contacts RBe of the tens order and Tic and a similar rectifier RE in the circuit wire connecting contacts Rie of the tens order and Til). As relays R8 and R of the tens order are also energized when relay R9 of that order is energized, these rectiflers RE prevent iiow of current through their contacts Rte and Rie in directions to ene ergize relays TB and TC at the time that current ows through the just described energizing circuit or relay HA. However, as is well known the rectiers RE permit flow of current through their respective circuit wires in the opposite direction when circuits hereinafter described are corn-4 plated. As shown, rectiers RE are also connected for the same purpose in corresponding circuit wires in the hundreds order.

Case 3.-If an order stands at 9, and receives a carry cfl, 2, or 3 from the next lower order and the order hearing 9 has passed through zero once the next higher Aorder should receive a carry of 2. Consider the following ex amples:

l. 17E-in accumulator @S-A 252-3 Sli-C 695 2l @carry Bild TIS-in accumulator @c5-ii 252-B 319-@ 694i 22 carry tile In 1 the units order passes through zero once energizing relays Ul and TA. In 2 the units order passes through zero twice energizing relays UI, U2, TA, and TB. In 3 the units order passes through zero three times energizing relays Ul, U2, U3, TA, TB, and TC. The tens order in all cases goes through zero once to energize relay coils Tl and HA. Relay coil HA is energized under control of contacts Tle in the same manner as contacts Ule controlled energization of relay coil TA. With relays TI and TA energized a parallel circuit is completed from TA, through contacts 23Iue, contacts R9e, now closed, relay contacts Tld, now shifted, relay contacts T22) in the position shown, relay coil HB and back to l' line 35. When carry occurs relay coils TA will effect entry of 1 to the tens order for case 1. Relay coils TA and TB will effect an entry of 2 to the tens order for case 2. Relay coils TA, TB and TC will effect an entry of 3 to the tens order for case 3. Relay coil HA will eifect an entry of 1 to the hundreds order under control of circuit breaker 91A (Fig. 2e) via circuit; on line 12A (see alsoFig. 2d) through contacts HAZ) (Fig. 2c). Relay coil HB will effect the second carryentry of 1 by breaker SIB (Fig. 2e) .line '12B (Figs. 2b, 2c) through contacts HBb to the hundreds order.

Case 4.If an order stands at 8 and receives a carry of 2 or 3 from the next lower order,

then the next higher order should receive 1 if the order bearing 8 has not passed through zero. Consider the examples:

1.- 024-in accumulator 149--A v 516-B 21B-C 8e2I 12 carry The passage of the units order through zero twice in 1 energizes relays UI and U2 or three times in 2 energizes relays UI, U2, and U3 to cause relays TA, 'I'B for 1 or relays TA, TB, and TC for 2 to be energized; With 'I'B energized a parallel circuit is completed to energize. HA as follows: from TB through relay contacts 23|uf, f relay contacts R8e of the tens order, now closed,

rectifier RE, relay contacts Tlc inv the position shown, relay coil HA and back to liney 35. Relay coils TA, TB and HA being energized will effect entry of 2 to the tens order of 1 and l in the hundreds order. Coil TC being energized for 2 029-n accumulator 13 -carry 901 The units order in passing through zero three times will energize relay coils UI, U2 and U3, which in the usual way causes relay coils TA, TB and TC to be energized. With the tens order standing at seven'a parallel circuit extends from relay coil TC through relay contacts 23| ug, relay contacts Rie, now closed, rectifier RE, relay contacts Tlb in'the position shown, relay coil HA and back to line 35. Relay contacts HAb (Fig. 2c) upon closing control a carry of l to the hundreds order in the usual manner.

Case 5 (a) .-If an order stands at 8, and receives a carry of 2 or 3 from the next lower order, then the next higher order should receive a carry of 2 if the middle order has passed from 9 to 0 once. 1. 197--in accumulator 235-A 12S-B S48-C 786 22 -carry 199-n accumulator 23S- A 12S- B 349-C '784 23 -carry In condition 1 the passage of the units order through zero twice Will energize relays UI, U2 i which in turn energizes relays TA and TB. Passage of the tens order through zero once will energize relay Tl which effects energization of relay coil HA. With the tens order standing at 8 there is a parallel circuit from TB through contacts 23Iuf, relay contacts RBe, rectifier RE, relay contacts Tlc, now shifted, relay contacts T212, in the position shown, relay coil HB, and back to line 35. Relay coil HB, closes its contacts HBb (Fig. 2c) which in conjunction with contacts HAb* will eifect carry entry of 2 in the hundreds order for problem 1. In problem 2, the additional passage of the units order through zero will energize relay TC also to control a total carry entry/o1' 3 into the tens order.

Case 6.-If an order stands at '7 and receives a carry of 3 from the next lower order then the next higher order should receive a carry of H2 once. Consider the example.

189-in accumulator 238-A 23 carry if the middle order has passed through zero ,x

Passage of the units order through zero three times will energize relays TA, TB, and TC in the usual manner. Passage of the tens order` through zero once will energize HA. With the tens order standing at seven a parallel circuit is completed from TC through relay contacts 23mg, relay contacts R'le, rectier RE, contacts Tlb, now shifted (due to the passage of' the tens order through zero) relay contacts T213, in the position shown, relay coil HB and hack to line 35.

Carrys as illustrated for the problem will he effected by these relays in the usual manner.

Case 7 .-I an order stands at 9, and has passed through zero twice and receives a carry of 1, 2, or 3 from the next lower order, then the next higher order should receive a carry of Consider the examples:

1. 178-in accumulator US5-A f 292-13 696 3l -carry 906 2. l78-in accumulator US5-A 299-B 34.3-C

695 32 -carry 915 3. 179-in accumulator DQS-A 299-3 347-0 El 33 -carry Passage ofthe units order ergize one A`or more of relays TA, TB, and TC depending oriywhether the order goes through zero once, twice. or three times. The passage of the tens order through zero twice will energize relays Tl, standing at 9 a parallel circuit is completed from relay coil TA, through relay contacts 23 lue, relay contacts E9e, relay contacts Tld, now shifted, relay contacts T217, now shifted, relay coil HC and hack to line With relays HA, HB, and HC energized there will he the usual entry of two ls when carry is effected under control of HA and HB and relay coil HC will effect entry of the third 1 for carry by a. circuit from line 3G, circuit breaker SiC (Fig. 2e) line 12C (Figs. 2d and 2c) relay contacts HCD, to the hundreds order of the accumulator.

Cose 8.-lf an order stands at 8 and has passed through zero twice, and receives a carry o 29 or 3 from the next lower order, then the next higher order should receive a carry oi 3. Consider the following examples:

1. lTS-in accumulator 095-A 28g-B SaS-C E551 32-carry through zero will en- T2, HA, and HB. With the tens order 17g-in accumulator 096-A SIN-C 33 -carry Passage of the accumulator through zero two or three times in the units order will energize relays TA and TB or TA, TB and TC respectively. With the tens order having passed through Zero twice, relays T l, T2, HA and HB will he energized. With the accumulator standing at eight in the tens order relay coil R8 of that order will be ener'- gized and a parallel circuit will be completed from TB, through relay contacts 23H51. relay contacts R86, now closed, rectifier RE, relay contacts Tlc, now shifted, relay contacts T217, now shifted, relay HC and hack to line 35. With the various relays above indicated the proper carry entries will be eiected as previously described for other problems.

Case 9,-If an order stands at "7 passed through zero twice and receives a carry of 3 from the next lower order, then the next higher order should receive a carry of 3. Consider the following example:

179-in accumulator 09E-A 33 -carry The units order in passing through zero three times will energize TA, TB and TC. The tens order in passin through zero twice will energize Tll T2, HA, a W ith the tens order standing at seven coil Rl will be energized and a parallel circuit to energize relay HC will extend from TC, through relay contacts 23 lug, relay contacts Rl e, now closed, rectifier RE, relay contacts Tlb and T21) both in shifted relation, to and through relay coil HC and back to line 35. Relay coils TA, TB, TC, and HA, HB, HC will effect carry entries of 3 into the tens and hundreds orders respectively,

Case 10.-If an order has gone through zero once, next two orders stand at 9 and the last order has gone through zero once. Consider the example:

791-in accumulator 20D-A 10Q-B Q01-C 991 211 -carry Passage of the units order through zero once will energize relays 'Ul and TA. Passage o the hundreds order through zero once will energize relay THA under control of relay Hl in the same manner as relay Ul controls energization of relay TA. Circuits to energize relay coils THB and HA will now be traced. A parallel circuit ex tends from relay TA, through relay contacts llue, relay contacts Bile, relay contacts Tld,

and has 

